Cherry leaf spot is a destructive disease that causes premature defoliation, fruit yield loss, and long-term tree weakening in cherry orchards.

Louise Gentle works for Nottingham Trent University. Animals in children’s stories are often depicted as living in neat mum, dad and children family units. Examples include Fantastic Mr Fox, 101 ...

New research reveals that spectral bats, the world’s largest carnivorous bats, display affectionate social behaviours such as hugging and sharing food. Using infrared cameras in a Costa Rican forest, ...

Rachel Feltman: For Scientific American’s Science Quickly, I’m Rachel Feltman. Parental care is costly. It uses up precious time, energy and resources—and in the animal world, it’s usually the moms ...

More than half a million years ago, one of humans’ ancestors took a bold step and ventured beyond Africa, the cradle of humankind, in search of greener pastures. Since then humans have explored every ...

Abstract: Linking specific ecological factors to the evolution of parental care pattern and mating system is a difficult task of key importance. We provide evidence from comparative analyses that an ...

Peer ReviewDownload a summary of the editorial decision process including editorial decision letters, reviewer comments and author responses to feedback. Microinjection of spermatozoa or spermatids ...

The greater coucal (Centropus sinensis), also known as the crow-pheasant, is a common bird seen hopping on the ground or low branches in many parts of India. Photo: David V. Raju, CC BY-SA 4.0 Coucals ...

Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland Because there are basic sexual differences in reproductive potential, and the cost of parental ...

Artificial hybridization plays a fundamental role in plant breeding programs since it generates new genotypic combinations that can result in desirable phenotypes. Depending on the species and mode of ...