Background Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is generally safe and well-accepted. In rare cases, it is associated with complications (intra- e postoperative bleeding, visceral injury and surgical site ...

Surgeons use various approaches to gain access to the abdominal cavity. In laparotomy, a large incision is made through the abdominal wall to allow direct visualization of the area of interest. In ...

Splenic rupture is an unusual but serious complication of LC. It has to be diagnosed and treated if possible during the laparoscopic procedure. The identification of a lesion of the anterior edge or ...