Carbon, one of the most versatile elements known, occurs in a multitude of allotropes that exhibit a wide array of physical and chemical properties. The diversity of carbon’s bonding—ranging from sp² ...

Where would carbon-based life be without carbon? There are 118 known chemical elements, but carbon is the fourth most abundant and perhaps the most important to human life. Everywhere you look, ...

Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy. Although pure iron is not intrinsically strong, adding carbon imparts great strength to this material. Crude iron, which is used in steel production, has a high ...